Wednesday, December 31, 2025

Photographer, Museum founder offers us a blizzard of memories

 


"Only Crazy Bob would be out here taking pics. Thank heavens he did!"

 __ Tom Casper, on a Facebook post of one of Robert W. Richardson's photos.


 Taking the last freight train to Dolores

By Rob Carrigan, robcarrigan1@gmail.com

It was sort of typical. Robert W. Richardson was out in a blizzard on the Rio Grand Southern railroad tracks taking a series of photos of the last freight train to Dolores on December 19, 1951. It didn't stop him from a few snaps of the work Goose and other things along the way. In fact, it encouraged him, and became a hallmark of his long and wonderful life.

Bob Richardson founded the Colorado Railroad Museum (also sometimes known as the Narrow Gauge Museum) in Alamosa, CO in 1941. There, he had a motel and several pieces of retired narrow gauge rolling stock that he showed to visitors. His collection eventually outrgrew the space in Alamosa, so in 1958 he partnered with Cornelius W. Hauck, who helped purchase the current property in Golden, where the Colorado Railroad Museum (CRRM) remains today. The CRRM officially opened to visitors in 1959. At that time, Bob had the Iron Horse Motel on the property, which was torn down around 1970 in favor of collecting more rolling stock and completing a loop of track on which to run trains.

"CRRM Co-founder Robert W. Richardson Dies at age 96"

ROBERT WILLIAM RICHARDSON 1910- 2007
Said the headline by Ron Hill, Colorado Railroad Museum, Photo by Mallory H. Ferrell

Photo by Mallory H. Ferrell"Fondly called “Uncle Robert” by all those who know and admired him, Robert William Richardson, age 96, passed away peacefully in State College, Pennsylvania, on February 23, 2007. Although plagued by short bouts of illness in recent years, Bob had remained basically healthy and in full possession of his remarkable memory and sharp wit right up until the end. Perhaps best known as the co-founder and longtime Executive Director of the Colorado Railroad Museum and a distinguished railroad author and photographer, Bob’s career could easily have gone in a different direction. Born in Rochester, Pennsylvania, on May 21, 1910, he moved with his parents to Akron, Ohio, in 1915 and later graduated from high school there. Diverted from a college education, Bob went to work for a local hardware concern until the depression cost him his job. Along the way he had learned the printing business and proceeded to start his own small print shop in Akron. The depression years were especially hard for printers, and Bob’s shop closed in 1937. Stamp collecting was one of his major hobbies, and George Linn hired him as the second editor of “Linn’s Weekly Stamp News,” the principal publication dealing with that interest. Fortunately, for rail hobbyists and historians, Bob’s other hobby was railroading," noted Hill in his obituary.

"As a teenager, Bob enjoyed watching and photographing trains in Ohio and Pennsylvania. His insatiable curiosity led him to study railroad operations and history, and later he wrote articles for both “Trains” and “Railroad” magazines. In anticipation of forthcoming military service, he quit his job with “Linn’s” but then learned that he would not be called up for some time. Thus, he took a job as an advertising representative for the Seiberling Rubber Company, which required him to travel extensively through the southern states as he assisted Seiberling tire dealers and sought out interesting short line railroads.


"In the summer of 1941, Bob and a friend came to Colorado for the first time, making an unforgettable circle tour on the narrow gauge. Bob become completely enamored of the slim gauge railroads of Colorado. After military service with the Army Signal Corps during WWII in Iran, where he studied the Persian railroads and learned to read Farsi, Bob returned to his job with Seiberling, but the lure of Colorado remained strong. He made repeated vacation trips to narrow gauge country in 1945, 1946 and 1947, eventually deciding to make his home here. In 1948 he quit his job, and he and a friend from Ohio pooled their resources to open the Narrow Gauge Motel in Alamosa. The motel grounds offered a fine place to display some of the narrow gauge equipment he had purchased, along with that saved by the Rocky Mountain Railroad Club. While at the motel, he began the sporadic publication of a very significant newsletter called simply “Narrow Gauge News” which later became the Colorado Railroad Museum’s “Iron Horse News.” At Alamosa, Bob Richardson tirelessly railed against the abandonment of the historic narrow gauge lines. It can accurately be said that his untiring efforts and the publicity he generated were among the primary reasons that the Silverton Train and the Cumbres and Toltec were preserved for future generations to savor," wrote upon Richardson's death.


"While in Alamosa, Bob amassed a formidable collection of railroad artifacts and equipment, including famed D&RGW locomotive No. 346, which he purchased with his own funds in 1950. Then Cornelius W. Hauck, another prominent railroad enthusiast from Ohio, acquired D&RGW 318 and placed it at the motel. Bob’s friendship with “Corny” Hauck led to the establishment of the Colorado Railroad Museum in Golden, which is today recognized as one of the truly great railroad museums in the country. Purchase of the former farm just east of Golden was completed in 1958, and the museum was officially opened to the public in July of 1959. Construction of the Iron Horse Motel next door was intended to be an additional source of operating revenue but instead proved to be overly time-consuming and was sold. Several years down the road, the motel was purchased and razed to make way for the roundhouse restoration facility and to enable completion of a loop of narrow gauge track. The Robert W. Richardson Railroad Library at the museum was created and named in his honor. Bob served as the distinguished Executive Director of the Colorado Railroad Museum until 1991 when he made the decision to retire and move back to Pennsylvania in that part of the country where he had been raised and where his nephews and niece reside. Even in retirement he continued to produce significant volumes dealing with railroad history, especially here in Colorado. Today, persons treasure their friendships and even casual meetings with him and will long remember his myriad contributions to Colorado railroad history. It is no exaggeration to say that he did more than any other person to preserve Colorado’s unique railroad heritage. We are indeed fortunate that his photographs and writings will be available for future generations of railroad enthusiasts and historians," says Ron Hill in tribute.






Sunday, December 14, 2025

Power plants, Hotels, and National Park


 Thing of the past ...
Falls on Big Thompson, Estes Park
Creator: McClure, Louis Charles, 1867-1957
Date: 1911-1920
From downstream, of waterfalls on the Big Thompson River near Estes Park, Larimer County, Colorado.
Physical Description: 1 photonegative : glass ; 26 x 21 cm (10 x 8 in.); 1 photoprint : black-and-white ; 24 x 19 cm (9 1/2 x 7 1/2 in.)
Born-Digital or Analog: Analog
Subject: Big Thompson River (Colo.) Larimer County (Colo.)Rivers--Colorado--Larimer County Waterfalls--Colorado--Larimer County
Geographic Area: Larimer County (Colo.)
Collection: Photographs - Western History
Related Material: Image File: ZZR700072617
Type of Material: Glass negatives Photographic prints Black & white photographs
Digital Version Created From: WH2300. Louis Charles McClure papers, album VIII, 285
Original Material Found in Collection: WH2300. Louis Charles McClure papers
Notes: Title and signature hand-lettered on glass plate. Vintage photographic print. R7000726177


Thing of the past ...
Shoshone power plant
Creator: Beam, George L. (George Lytle), 1868-1935
Date:1920-1930
The Shoshone power plant along the Colorado River in Glenwood Canyon (Garfield County), Colorado. "Public Service Co.," is painted on the side of one of the buildings.
Physical Description: 1 photonegative : nitrate ; 20 x 25 cm (8 x 10 in.)
Born-Digital or Analog:Analog
Subject: Colorado River (Colo.-Mexico)
Glenwood Canyon (Colo.) Power plants--Colorado--Garfield County
Collection: Photographs - Western History
Related Material: Image File: ZZR700136393
Type of Material: Black & white photographs
Digital Version Created From: Photo loaned to Denver Public Library for digitization
Original Material Found in Collection: James Ozment collection of George Beam photographs
Notes: Formerly HC1630. Image scanned from loaned collection. Title supplied. R71001363930
Denver Public Library Special Collections
 

Thing of the past ...
Roaster room from Golden Cycle power plant
Creator: Hale, Danforth R.
The roaster room from the power plant of the Gold Cycle Mill in El Paso County, Colorado. The machinery includes hoppers and roasting furnaces.
Physical Description: 1 copy negative : film ; 13 x 10 cm (5 x 4 in.); 1 photoprint ; 17 x 12 cm (7 x 5 in.)
Born-Digital or Analog: Analog
Subject: Golden Cycle Corporation Roasting (Metallurgy)--Colorado--El Paso County El Paso County (Colo.)Interiors--Colorado--El Paso County Mills--Colorado--El Paso County Mining--Colorado--El Paso County Smelters--Colorado--El Paso County
Geographic Area: El Paso County (Colo.)
Collection: Photographs - Western History
Related Material: Image File: ZZR710060812
Type of Material: Film negatives Black & white photographs Photographic prints
Digital Version Created From:D. R. Hale/Robert M. Ormes 8/15/84.
Original Material Found in Collection: Golden Cycle Mill series.
Notes: Formerly F44959. Photograph and caption in binder with other images in series. Title hand-written on back of print. R7100608126
Denver Public Library Special Collections


Thing of the past ...
Power plant, Bridal Veil Falls
Creator: Bachman, Al (Albert J.), 1910-2003 Date: 1963
The hydroelectric power plant atop Bridal Veil Falls on Bridal Veil Creek in San Miguel County, Colorado. Shows a concrete and wood structure with a pitched roof situated on a cliff.
Physical Description: 1 slide : Kodachrome
Born-Digital or Analog:Analog
Subject: Bridal Veil Falls (San Miguel County, Colo.)Cliffs--Colorado--San Miguel County Hydroelectric power--Colorado-San Miguel County Power plants--Colorado--San Miguel County Waterfalls--Colorado--San Miguel County Geographic Area San Miguel County (Colo.)
Collection: Photographs - Western History
Related Material: Image File: ZZR711012729
Type of Material: SlidesColor photographs
Notes: Title penciled on slide mount. R7110127295
Donor: Al Bachman; gift; 1998


 

Thing of the past ...

CreatorGonner & Leeka.
Date: 1892-1900
The four story Strater Hotel at 699 Main Avenue in Durango (La Plata County), Colorado. The American Victorian style hotel features decorative brickwork, arched windows with keystones, ornate bracketed cornices, finials, a balustrade, a cupola with oculi, coursing, bay windows and balconies. A carving in the facade reads "Strater." Men stand on the sidewalk in front of the building's corner entrance. A sign on an office window reads "Paul Geier, Architect."
Physical Description: 1 photographic print : albumen ; 10 x 14 cm (4 x 5 1/2 in.) mounted on sheet in album.
Born-Digital or Analog: Analog
Subject: Strater Hotel (Durango, Colo.)Durango (Colo.)Architects' offices--Colorado--Durango Hotels--Colorado--Durango
Geographic Area: Durango (Colo.)
Collection: Photographs - Western History
Related Material: Image File: ZZR711004853; Photographic print included in album: Views of Durango.Type of Material Albumen prints Photographic prints
Original Material Found in: Collection Views of Durango.
Notes: Album is damaged. Cover is loose, photos mounted on accordion folded sheet, sheet torn. Inked on photographic print: "9."; Title from contents sheet mounted on inside cover of album. R7110048530
Denver Public Library Special Collections


Thing of the past ...

Brown Palace Hotel, Denver
Creator:Collier, Joseph
Date:1892-1910Summary
The Brown Palace was built on a triangle of land between Broadway, Tremont and 17th streets in downtown Denver, Colorado, in 1892 by Denver real estate developer Henry C. Brown, Maxcy Tabor (son of Horace Tabor) and Bill Bush, manager of the Windsor Hotel, also in Denver. Designed by architect Frank C. Edbrooke, the final cost of the granite and sandstone hotel was reportedly $2 million. The building was one of the first in America to be fireproof and, as such, appeared on the cover of Scientific American magazine. Shown here, striped awnings hang over the storefronts of the building. Two men walk across the intersection. A horse is in the left foreground. Lettering advertising the "Highlands Drug Store" is painted at the top of a building in the midground. Several cable cars are in the left background.
Physical Description:1 copy photonegative ; 8 x 12 cm (3 1/4 x 4 1/2 in.); 1 photonegative : glass ; 17 x 22 cm (6 1/2 x 8 1/2 in.); 1 photoprint ; 15 x 22 cm (6 x 8 1/2 in.)
Born-Digital or Analog: Analog
Subject: Brown Palace Hotel (Denver, Colo.)Hotels--Colorado--Denver Street lights--Colorado--Denver
Geographic Area: Denver (Colo.)
Collection: Photographs - Western History
Related Material: Image File: ZZR700130179
Type of Material Film negatives Glass negatives Photographic prints
Notes: Emulsion is deteriorating on edges of glass plate. Title supplied by cataloger.
Denver Public Library Special Collections
 

Thing of the past ...

Fifth and Main, looking northeast
Date1900SummaryView of First National Bank building, corner of Main and 5th (Fifth) Streets in Grand Junction (Mesa County), Colorado; shows a two-story stone and brick building with corner entrance, tower or turret, and finials. Men pose at the entrance where corner posts support the arched recessed entryway. A horse-drawn gig is in the dirt street. The background view includes Grand Junction High School, church spire or steeple of the Methodist Church, and a "First National Bank" sign atop the cornice. A window is lettered with "Doctor Ingersoll, physician and surgeon;" another with "Real estate." "Hotel Cranford" is on a two-story brick flat-roof building. The historic bank building was completed in 1887 and demolished in 1910.
Physical Description: 1 copy photonegative ; 10 x 13 cm (4 x 5 in.); 1 photoprint ; 12 x 17 cm (4 1/2 x 6 1/2 in.)
Born-Digital or Analog:Analog
Subject: Grand Junction (Colo.)Banks--Colorado--Grand Junction
Geographic Area: Grand Junction (Colo.)
Collection: Photographs - Western History Related Material Image File: ZZR710008679Type of Material Film negatives Photographic prints
Notes: Corner of photoprint is torn-off. Formerly copy negative F38936; Hand-written on back of photoprint: taken from same point as X, Grand Junction, Colo. Title from typed label attached to front of photoprint, date hand-written on same label. R7100086798
Denver Public Library Special Collections
 
 

Thing of the past ...

Estes Park, Colorado
Date1920-1941
Five young women sit on rocks and look down the hill at Estes Park, Colorado. One woman holds a straw hat, the others wear or hold felt hats. Below, businesses are on both sides of Elkhorn Avenue; signs along the street include: "Monroe's," "Bank," "Kodaks & Film," Hotel Morris," "Market," "Estes Park Dry Goods Co., Shoes & Furnishings, Riding Clothes," "Somers Dainty Shop," "Josephine Hotel," "Cafe," and "National Park Hotel." The Lewiston Hotel, which was completed in 1920 and burned in 1941, is on a hill above the town. The Elkhorn Lodge, at the west end of the street, also overlooks the town; it was developed from the James family's ranch on the Fall River in 1878.
Physical Description1 copy photonegative ; 10 x 13 cm (4 x 5 in.); 1 photoprint ; 19 x 25 cm (7 1/2 x 9 1/2 in.)
Born-Digital or Analog: Analog:
Subject: Estes Park (Colo.)
Geographic Area: Estes Park (Colo.)
Collection: Photographs - Western History
Related Material: Image File: ZZR710008268
Type of Material: Film negatives Photographic prints Black & white photographs
Notes: Formerly F32267. Title hand-written on back of photoprint. Written in pencil on back of photoprint: "E-T-500" with illegible mark, possibly monogram. R7100082689.
Denver Public Library Special Collections
 
 

Thing of the past ...

Girl with skis - Estes Park
Creator: Rule, Lloyd Date1950 February 26
A woman poses in Estes Park (Larimer County), Colorado with skis and poles. Her ski poles rest on a box that reads: "Glass Handle With Care." An aspen forest, meadow and mountains are in the distance.
Physical Description: 1 negative ; 13 x 10 cm (5 x 4 in.)
Born-Digital or Analog:Analog
Subject: Estes Park (Colo.)Skiers--Colorado--Estes Park Women--Colorado--Estes Park
Geographic Area: Estes Park (Colo.)
Collection: Photographs - Western History
Related Material: Image File: ZZR711010318
Type of Material: Film negatives Black & white photographs
Digital Version Created From: WH1843
Original Material Found in Collection: WH1843. Lloyd Rule papers
Lloyd Rule photograph collection
Notes: Title penciled on envelope. R7110103186
Donor: Pierce O'Farrill, donor
Denver Public Library Special Collections
 
 
 

Thursday, December 11, 2025

KKK in Colorado


Thing of the past ...
Summit Pikes Peak
Date: 1923 July 4
Members of the KKK, in pointed hoods that cover the face and dark or white robes, stand around a tall cross in a boulder field on the summit of Pikes Peak in El Paso County, Colorado. They raise their arms in salute. Shows an American flag and the tops of automobiles.
Physical Description: 1 photographic print : black-and-white ; 19 x 23 cm (7 x 9 in.).
Born-Digital or Analog: Analog
Subject: Ku Klux Klan (1915-)--PeopleHate groups--Colorado--El Paso CountyEl Paso County (Colo.)Pikes Peak (Colo.) Costumes--Colorado--El Paso CountyCrossesFlags--American--Colorado--El Paso County Meetings--Colorado--El Paso County Organizations--Colorado--El Paso County Saluting--Colorado--El Paso County
Geographic Area: El Paso County (Colo.)
Collection: Photographs - Western History
Related Material: Image File: ZZR711001873
Type of Material: Film negatives Photographic prints.Black & white photographs
Digital Version Created From: Senter collection.
Notes: Condition: soiled. Penciled on back of photoprint: "KKK. Summit Pikes Peak. July 4, 1923."; Title inked on front of photoprint. R7110018739
Denver Public Library Special Collections

 


Thing of the past ...

KKK meeting on Table Top Mountain
Date: 1924-1925
Crosses burn at a KKK night ceremony held on Table Top Mountain in Golden (Jefferson County), Colorado. A row of men in white hoods that cover the face and robes encircles men in street clothes who kneel with their backs to the camera. Spectators sit in chairs outside the circle, some have on white hoods. Shows a flagpole and the American flag.
Physical Description; 1 photographic print : black-and-white ; 29 x 34 cm (12 x 14 in.) on mat board.
Born-Digital or Analog: Analog
Subject: Ku Klux Klan (1915-)--People Hate groups--Colorado--GoldenGolden (Colo.)Costumes--Colorado--Golden Crosses--Colorado--Golden Meetings--Colorado--Golden Night--Colorado--Golden Organizations--Colorado--Golden
Geographic Area: Golden (Colo.)
Collection: Photographs - Western History
Related Material: Image File: ZZR711001875
Type of Material: Night photographs: Photographic prints Black & white photographs
Notes: Condition: warped, edges worn. Title and "c. 1924-25" penciled on back of photoprint. R7110018755

Thing of the past ...
Ku Klux Klan march on 17th (Seventeenth) Street
Date: 1926 May 31
Ku Klux Klan (KKK) members march by office buildings on 17th (Seventeenth) Street between Larimer and Lawrence streets in Denver, Colorado.
Physical Description: 1 photonegative : black-and-white ; 16 x 21 cm (6 1/2 x 8 1/2 in.); 1 photoprint ; 12 x 15 cm (4 1/2 x 6 in.) on sheet 13 x 18 cm (5 x 7 in.)
Born-Digital or Analog: Analog
Subject: Ku Klux Klan (1915- )Fraternal organizations--Colorado--Denver Parades--Colorado--Denver Streets--Colorado--Denver Racism--Colorado--Denver Racism against Black people--Colorado--Denver
Geographic Area: Denver (Colo.)
Collection: Photographs - Western History
Type of Material: Film negatives: Photographic prints Digital Version Created From: Fuller, Edgar I. "The Visible of the Invisible Empire." Denver, 1925, p. 80.
Notes: Formerly F15034. Title supplied.
Denver Public Library Special Collections
 

 


Thing of the past ...
Women of the Ku Klux Klan
Date: 1922-1925
Studio portrait of women members of the Ku Klux Klan (KKK). The women pose in white hoods and robes with cross emblems. One woman wears a dark cape.
Physical Description: 1 photographic print : black-and-white ; 26 x 36 cm (10 x 14 in.) mounted on mat board.
Born-Digital or Analog: Analog
Subject: Ku Klux Klan (1915-)Hate groups Costumes Organizations Women
Collection: Photographs - Western History
Related Material: Image File: ZZR711001876
Type of Material: Group portraits Photographic prints Black & white photographs Portrait photographs
Notes: Condition: photograph pulled out of mat. Photographer imprint on photoprint illegible. Title supplied. R7110018763
Denver Public Library Special Collections


Thing of the past ...

Group @ Ken Caryl Ranch. Gov. Morley in center, Ed. Costigan on his right (?). E. L. Mitchell (large man)- Denver City Councilman associated w/ KKK, and possibly Mrs. Mitchell
Creator: Rhoads, Harry Mellon, 1880 or 1881-1975
Date: 1925-1927
Colorado Governor Clarence J. Morley poses at Ken Caryl Ranch (Jefferson County) Colorado with men and a woman. Physical Description: 1 photonegative : glass, black-and-white ; 10 x 13 cm (4 x 5 in.); 1 photoprint ; 13 x 18 cm (5 x 7 in.)
Born-Digital or Analog: Analog
Subject: Jefferson County (Colo.)Costigan, Edward Prentiss, 1874-1939 Mitchell, E. LMorley, Clarence J.
Geographic Area: Jefferson County (Colo.)
Collection: Photographs - Western History
Related Material: Image File: ZZR700185591
Type of Material: Glass negatives
Group portraits Photographic prints
Original Material Found in: Collection Harry M. Rhoads photograph collection
Notes: Formerly Engle #40657. Title hand written on back of print. R7001855911
Donor: Morey Engle
Denver Public Library Special Collections 


Thing of the past ...

Colorado Governor Clarence J. Morley
Creator: Rhoads, Harry Mellon, 1880 or 1881-1975
Date: 1925-1927: Governor Clarence J. Morely poses for a photo as he signs a document in the Governor's office. Morely served as Governor of Colorado from 1925 to 1927, he was known as the Ku Klux Klan Governor during the political peak of the Klan in the 1920's.
Physical Description: 1 photonegative : glass 10 x 13 cm (4 x 5 in.); 1 photoprint ; 13 x 18 cm (5 x 7 in.)
Born-Digital or Analog: Analog
Subject: Denver (Colo.)Document signings--Colorado--Denver Governors--Colorado Interiors--Colorado--Denver Morley, Clarence J.
Geographic Area: Denver (Colo.)
Collection: Photographs - Western History
Related Material: Image File: ZZR700185236
Type of Material: Glass negatives Photographic prints Original Material Found in Collection: Harry M. Rhoads photograph collection
Notes:Condition: Glass plate is cracked, reproduced in photoprint. Formerly Engle #40295; Inked on glass plate and reproduced on photoprint "40295". Title and "known as the "KKK Governor" from 1925 to 1927" hand-written on back of print. R7001852361
Donor: Morey Engle
Denver Public Library Special Collections 

  


Thing of the past ...

“The Ku Klux Klan in Garden of the Gods.” 1925. Klansmen hold ceremonies in the Gardens of the Gods, a landmark near Colorado Springs. Source:

“The Ku Klux Klan in Garden of the Gods.” 1925.  Colorado Springs Pioneers Museum.

 


Thing of the past ...

Klan parade in Steamboat Springs. History Colorado

 

Monday, December 1, 2025

I am only here for the beer


During student demands to have beer in student center, Date: October, 1968.
Students and police crowd a table at Colorado State University in Fort Collins, Larimer County, Colorado. A woman has a tag with the letters "S. F. O." pinned to her sleeve; officers wear helmets and arm patches reading "Colorado State University Police CSU."

Legal beer comes late for CSU

By Rob Carrigan, robcarrigan1@gmail.com 

I don't know anything about other time frames, but going to school at Colorado State University (CSU)  in the early and mid 1980s,  the narrative had serious links to beer culture.

"Fat, drunk and stupid, may have been no way to go through life," as the Dean Wormer famously noted 1978 movie National Lampoon's Animal House, as delivered by Dean Wormer, played by John Vernon — but the local lifestyle had its proponents. 

After all, it had only been maybe a dozen years since it had become a legal option. 

In February, 2019, folks at CSU marked the 50th anniversary for the "Beer In" from 1968. An article in Colorado State University History by Jeff Dodge and Nicole Archambeau, tells the story.

"In Fall semester, Colorado State University celebrated the 50th anniversary of the “Beer-In” or “Drink-In,” which occurred on Oct. 18, 1968. In that politically volatile time, the ASCSU President Doug Phelps and other student protesters committed civil disobedience by drinking beer in the Student Center, at a time when alcohol was prohibited on campus policies."  

Participants in that historic “Beer-in” saw themselves as part of a “Student Center Liberation,” said CSU Department of History Professor, Dr. Thomas Cauvin, who helped organize the anniversary event and teaches a course on the history of brewing in Colorado. Students physically occupied the Student Center 24/7 with teach-in activities centered on the right of students to have a voice in all matters concerning their education and use of their fees. This was about much more than beer and included the right for female students to have equal rights on campus to male students. 

The Department of History, History Club and Associated Students of Colorado State University welcomed back to campus members of the group that led the 1968 protest. 

Speakers at the program, which was also held at the Ramskeller, included alumni Robert Evans, Bear Gebhardt, Bruce Russell, Dean Schachterle, Lola West and John Gascoyne. Former history faculty member Henry Weisser also sat on the panel. 

The panelists agreed that the protest was about more than just beer, it was about strengthening student rights on an array of issues. In response to a question from an audience member, Russell said he and his fellow organizers knew beer would attract a sizable crowd. 

“To organize students, sometimes you had to pick the lowest common denominator,” he said. “We used beer as a symbol; we knew we’d get students. This was our student center, so we said, ‘Let’s have some more control over our own lives.’” 

The members of the panel urged the crowd of students gathered for the anniversary to keep fighting for their rights on campus. “Fifty years later, the ‘Beer-In’ is honored for sparking change on a conservative campus which now enthusiastically embraces Fort Collins’ exploding beer culture,” said Dr. Cauvin. “That historic ‘Beer-In’ wasn’t about the beer then, and it isn’t about the pitcher now. It isn’t about your right to drink, it’s about your right to think.”

"Doug Phelps wore a suit and tie for pictures," says Erin Udell, of The Coloradoan, in November article in 2017,

"His light hair was always neatly cut and combed. Camera flashes bounced off the thick lenses of his black, plastic-rimmed glasses."

"At Colorado State University, he was the student who asked professors to mail him his final grades — on a postcard — at the end of each semester. He couldn’t wait for report cards."

"He didn’t drink, either. Not even beer."

"But in the fall of 1968, in front of 3,000 fellow classmates piled into CSU’s student center grand ballroom, Phelps stood behind a podium, cracked open a Coors and held it to his lips," wrote Udall.

Nearing its 50th anniversary, the story is still retold. Pictures of Phelps at the beer-in were recently shared on CSU's Alumni Association's Facebook page. 

"Coors Banquet paved the way!" one commenter said.

For Phelps, that day was always about more than beer. 

It was the day he — the picture-perfect student body president — defied CSU and proved that the student activism of the 1960s had landed in Fort Collins.

He became the clean-shaven, bespectacled face of a rebellion.

When asked about his college activism days, Phelps chuckles. 

"The dean of students (at the time), Burns Crookston ... he always called the period when I was in student government, 'the revolution,'" said Phelps, now in his 70s and living in Denver in 2017. 

Though there were eventual protests against Vietnam and for civil rights, Colorado was a little slow to embrace issues like that, Phelps said.

The student revolution Phelps is known for focused more on CSU students' growing discontent over how they were treated, Phelps said. In a modernizing world, they felt held back by antiquated curfews and campus-wide beer bans. 

The beer-in was part of that student revolution and the culmination of a roughly week-long "liberation" of the university's student center in October 1968. 

In an effort to gain more say in the operations of the student-fee-funded student center, students moved into and slept in the building, holding meetings and workshops there among a "carnival-like" atmosphere led by outspoken members of student government and beyond.

But it didn't start there. 

Under the guidance of then-president William Morgan, the university had changed its name from Colorado A&M to Colorado State University in 1957.

It started receiving more federal funds and built up its graduate and undergraduate programs, according to Coloradoan reports.

New campus buildings shot up and enrollment skyrocketed, increasing nearly 200 percent from almost 4,000 students in 1955 to almost 12,000 in 1965.

That following fall, in 1966, thousands of students returned to CSU to another kind of change.

Over the summer, the State Board of Agriculture — the university's governing body — had inexplicably abolished the long-held practice of weekly co-ed visiting hours in its dorms. 

Male and female students could no longer visit each other in the residence halls on Sunday afternoons.

"Of course, the students hit the ceiling," Phelps said.

Before that could happen, President Morgan met with Phelps and conceded.

"We thought, 'This is easy,'" Phelps said. '"All we have to do is threaten to protest.'"

They next went after the university's curfew, which required female students to be in their dorm rooms by 11 p.m. on weeknights. Male students had no such curfew.

After rallying in Moby Gym past 11 p.m. in protest, students pushed the administration to reconsider, and the women-only curfew was loosened.

But their biggest undertaking was the student center.

Robert Evans was 18 and a freshman at CSU when he first heard the hubbub. 

Something was happening at the student center so, curious, he trekked over from his dorm room in Braiden Hall. 

"I went over and a helicopter was flying around campus," Evans said, adding that as it flew overhead, leaflets cascaded out. The flyers were promoting a liberation of the student center.

As the son of an Air Force officer, Evans was used to order. "Everything folded just right, you know? Straight-laced ... shirts always tucked in," he said.

"That was me at that moment, and here I come into an environment that's a carnival," Evans recalled from a Lory Student Center bench one recent October afternoon.

Described as a usually "sterile administrative office complex and showplace for visitors," student leaders believed the center didn't meet student needs and, in response, they organized a takeover.

Students moved in and slept there. Leaders hosted workshops and formed the Liberation Steering Committee, which released unified statements to the university and media. 

People draped parking meters with paper bags, decorated fire alarms and adorned walls with posters that read things like "Do Your Own Thing.

Notes the article,  "A Thirst for Freedom in a Dry Town" :  by Rose Gorrell, Colton Morton, and Keanu Squire, Colorado State University, "

"A long-brewing issue, the Fort Collins, Colorado City Council voted to permit the sale of beer, wine, and liquors on April 8, 1969 and passed Ordinance No. 14. The voices of the community, including local businessmen, politicians, and the Colorado State University student population, were integral in influencing this decision."

The repeal of prohibition in Fort Collins was not easily completed. In 1969 a petition was circulated for the third time to end prohibition. First in 1961 and again in 1965, the petition had been defeated due to strong moral opposition from religious organizations. Yet, as Dr. Thomas Bennett, Mayor of Fort Collins from 1967 to 1968 pointed out, there were two liquor stores within city limits that held liquor licenses from Larimer County. Outside city limits, there were establishments like Ladd’s Covered Wagon. In 1961, owner Lloyd Ladd was granted a liquor license from Larimer County for his restaurant just north of Fort Collins. Fort Collins residents who wished to drink had several options to do so.

"Dr. Thomas Bennett stepped down as mayor of Fort Collins in 1968 to serve as a councilman for the city and worked with others to end prohibition. Dr. Bennett felt passionately this was the moment to repeal prohibition. His primary argument was based on economics. The numerous bars and restaurants at the edge of city limits were proof of the profitability of alcohol sales. A new revenue stream, and the local jobs bars and liquor stores would generate, were appealing to the city council and the local community. Another source of pressure on the city council was the increase in student enrollment, specifically military veterans on the GI Bill, at Colorado State University (CSU). The 1968 Beer-In at CSU, referenced in the previous article, spoke volumes about the attitudes of college students towards prohibition. Two other college towns along the Front Range area were also in the process of repealing their own long-standing prohibition laws: Boulder, repealed in 1967 and Greeley in 1969."

"The first legally sold drink of spirituous liquor since 1896 was sold in Fort Collins on August 8, 1969, at 5:00 pm in the Top Restaurant, located on the top floor of the Rocky Mountain Bank and Trust building. Les Ware, the owner of the Top Restaurant, had photographers on hand to commemorate the event. Red Ferrell, owner of Campus West Liquors and Larimer County liquor inspector at the time of the Fort Collins prohibition repeal, received the first license to sell packaged liquors in the city. Nancy Kavastanjian, staff writer for The Coloradoan newspaper, interviewed Ferrell in 1977 for a piece on the end of prohibition in Fort Collins. Ferrell reflected on the growth of liquor stores within Fort Collins, commenting that he “didn’t think it was healthy for a community to have that many.”

After the repeal, the number of bars and liquor stores within city limits did increase quickly. According to Ferrell, the saturation of the market limited individual business earnings. The moral orientation of the town was still influential, limiting large-scale production and distribution of alcohol in Fort Collins for another two decades, when once again, it was the economic appeal of new businesses and new jobs that presented themselves in the form of beer production and breweries.

 ###

Friday, November 21, 2025

Mariano Medina, Durango tracks, Pike's Peak Summit, Aspen's Slopes


Thing of the past ...
Creator: Carbutt, John, 1832-1905.
Date:1860-1870
Portrait of Mariano Medina. Medina's father was from Spain and his mother was from New Mexico, known as a Spanish, French / Native American guide, trapper, trader, and bounty hunter from Taos, New Mexico. He wears fringed leather coat with a fur collar and cuffs, moccasins, pants with a woven stripe, and he smokes a pipe.
Physical Description: 1 photographic print on stereo card: stereograph ; 9 x 18 cm (4 x 7 in.)
Born-Digital or Analog: Analog
Subject: Indians of North America--19th century Clothing & dress--19th century Guides & scouts--19th century Men--19th century Smoking--19th century Trappers--19th century Collection: Photographs - Western History
Related Material Image file: ZZR711002449
Type of Material: Photographic prints Portrait photographs Stereographs
Notes: Title printed on stereo card margin with: "305," "Views of the Rocky Mountains and vicinity."; R711024497
Denver Public Library Special Collections


Thing of the past ...

Summit of Pike's Peak
Creator: Poley, H. S. (Horace Swartley)
Date: 1895-1925
Summit of Pike's Peak, El Paso County, Colorado, with train tracks, rail car "1", government signal station building, and observation tower.
Physical Description: 1 photonegative : glass ; 21 x 26 cm (8 x 10 in.); 1 photoprint ; 21 x 26 cm (8 x 10 in.)
Born-Digital or Analog:Analog
Subject: Manitou and Pike's Peak Railway CompanyEl Paso County (Colo.)Pikes Peak (Colo.)Mountain railroads--Colorado--El Paso County Observation towers--Colorado--El Paso County Geographic Area: El Paso County (Colo.)
Collection: Photographs - Western History Related Material Image File: ZZR700170439
Type of Material: Glass negatives Photographic prints
Original Material Found in: CollectionC Photo Collection 37. H. S. Poley collection.
Notes: Photographer's stamp embossed on print. Stamped on back of print: "H. S. Poley Photographer Colorado Springs, Colo."; Title penciled on back of print. Vintage photographic print. Written on back of print: "Railroads-Manitou and Pike's Peak Trains" "Low building is the old government signal station, on the right an addition with the tower."; R7001704398
Denver Public Library Special Collections 


Thing of the past ...

Denver and Rio Grande Western 202, NG 2-8-0, switching on three-rail trackage in front of station at Durango, Colorado
Creator: Beam, George L. (George Lytle), 1868-1935
Date:1923
The Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad depot at Durango, Colorado; shows D&RGW locomotive 202 (Elk Creek), a Rio Grande Southern passenger train, a Farmington Branch boxcar, and men and women by baggage carts. Sign reads: "Western Union Telegraph & Cable Office." Spring, 1923.
Physical Description: 1 photonegative : black and white ; 20 x 25 cm (8 x 10 in.)
Born-Digital or Analog: Analog
Subject: Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad Company
Rio Grande Southern Railroad Durango (Colo.)Railroad freight cars--Colorado--Durango Railroad locomotives--Colorado--Durango Railroad stations--Colorado--Durango Railroads--Colorado--Durango
Geographic Area: Durango (Colo.)
Collection: Photographs - Western History
Related Material: Image File: ZZR700138127
Type of Material: Film negatives
Notes: Condition: emulsion damage at edge. Title hand-written on negative sleeve, with: "class 60-C16. Grant #1364 (5/1881) named 'Elk Creek' in service 5/20/1881," "retired 3/1926, dismantled Alamosa," "note R.G.S. train #6, departure time 8:50 AM, made up on track 2 at left. Also standard gauge box car 11604 at left used on Farmington Branch."; R7001381271
Donor: Jackson C. Thode.
Denver Public Library Special Collections 


Thing of the past ...

Union Station, Denver
Creator: McClure, Louis Charles, 1867-1957
Date: 1899-1910
Union Station with southbound Colorado and Southern Railway passenger train and Rio Grande double header passenger train loading; station tracks laid with three rails to accomodate narrow gauge and standard gauge trains; numerous baggage and freight rail carts await loading; wooden barrels stacked on carts right foreground; Globe Express Company sign on railroad platform cover; 19th (Nineteenth) Street grade crossing next to Railroad Mission (building with steeple) distant background; Denver Gas Works (large chimney on left).
Physical Description: 1 photonegative : glass ; 21 x 26 cm (8 x 10 in.)
Born-Digital or Analog: Analog
Subject: Denver (Colo.)Railroad passenger cars--Colorado--Denver Railroad stations--Colorado--Denver Colorado and Southern Railway Union Station (Denver, Colo.)
Geographic Area: Denver (Colo.)
Collection: Photographs - Western History
Related Material: Image File: ZZR700070285
Type of Material: Glass negatives
Original Material Found in: CollectionWH2300. Louis Charles McClure papers
Notes: Title and signature hand-lettered on glass plate. R7000702856
Denver Public Library Special Collections 

 


Thing of the past ...

Skiers make their way to the Ajax Express lift, Friday morning, June 13, 2008, Aspen Mountian. The ski area reopened for this weekend, with real spring conditions. (KEN PAPALEO/ROCKY MOUNTAIN NEWS) *** Megan Razcak (cq)
Date: 06/13/2008Born-Digital or Analog: Born-digital
Type of Material: Photograph
Geographic Area: Collection Rocky Mountain News Photograph Collection
Donated to the Denver Public Library by the Rocky Mountain News


Thing of the past ...

Zach Ornitz/Aspen Daily News ASPEN - Aspen native Wallace Westfeldt, 23, is pictured here competing in the Colorado Freeride Series held at the end of February this year at Snowmass Ski Area. Westfeldt died on Friday while riding out of bounds in Tonar Bo
Born-Digital or Analog:Born-digital
Type of Material: Photograph
Geographic Area: Collection Rocky Mountain News Photograph Collection
Donated to the Denver Public Library by the Rocky Mountain News, Zach Ornitz/Aspen Daily News 


Thing of the past ...

Creator: Wolle, Muriel Sibell, 1898-1977 Date1945-1965
The Aspen ski area chair-lift, Aspen, Pitkin County, Colorado; one man rides and a shirtless man looks on.
Physical Description: 1 photonegative : black-and-white ; 7 x 12 cm (2 3/4 x 4 1/2 in.)
Subject: Ski lifts--Colorado--Aspen Aspen (Colo.)Ski resorts--Colorado--Aspen
Geographic Area: Aspen (Colo.)
Related Material: Image File: ZZR710004537
Type of Material: Film negatives Black & white photographs Original Material Found in: CollectionWH906. Muriel Sibell Wolle papers
Notes: Formerly Wo1766. Title hand-written on front of negative envelope. R7100045378
Donor: Muriel Sibell Wolle estate, 1977
Denver Public Library Special Collections 

Tuesday, November 11, 2025

Wild West trouble at the Marshal's office


Rico Dolores County Court House, photo by William G. Harber. Date:1910-1920

"Largest procession ever seen in Rico"

By Rob Carrigan, robcarrigan1@gmail.com

When I was a kid, I recall an uncomfortable experience of being in the Marshal's office in Rico one Saturday evening, trying to explain why my friend had destroyed some woman's rose bushes, just uphill from the old Rico Court House, (with my car) during a town celebration.

Several of us, had made the trip to the upriver town in my green 1974 Vega, and there probably was liquor, and perhaps young women involved. 

Fortunately, I remained relatively un-inebriated, mostly because of the rather technical 38-mile drive along the Dolores River, on the return trip. But I did have a fair amount of explaining to do, and also had the nagging concern that one of traveling party could not presently be located. 

The good-natured  Marshal at the time, for whatever reason, found it in his heart, the kindness to let us return downhill to Dolores. Late that evening, making a pass back by the Court house, where the other member of our party was last seen, was unsuccessful because of my rather lengthy explanation at the Marshal's office, and our promise to return and correct problems with the troubled roses, the celebration at Court house had ended, the front door up the steps was locked, and our friend was no where to be found. 

We later found out, because of excessive liquor consumption, he had been removed from the celebration and placed in unlocked "holding cell" for his own protection. He woke up from there, found a means of escape from the locked up Court house, tracked down a Rico friend to help him find a ride home to Dolores.

Now, I know this is also a lengthy introduction to another, more-important story about the Rico Marshal's office, but I think it is necessary to set the expectations about how "Wild West" Rico was, even in my time, 100 years later.

Marshal George A. Smith, Town of Rico, was shot in the line of duty while trying to apprehend Tom Wall and Charlie “Trinidad” Cummings for stealing saddles from Schueler and Bang’s store on June 3, 1882,  according to information Valley Rico Cemetery.

"On Saturday, June 3, 1882 at about 11:00 a.m., Marshal Smith was attempting to arrest two subjects, who had been charged with stealing saddles. He had the warrants and was accompanied by Dolores County Sheriff W. H. Dawson. The wanted subjects, Thomas Wall, 18, and Charlie Cummings (alias Trinidad Charlie), 23, were in a house in Rico and had just received word that the Marshal was looking for them," says Colorado Fallen Heroes Biographies, by Colorado State Patrol

"They were preparing to leave when the officers arrived and entered the house without knocking. Cummings did not like the way the officers entered, drew his gun and opened fire. Marshal Smith was shot in the leg, side and head. Wall and Cummings both then ran from Rico with Sheriff Dawson firing 5-6 rounds, all of which hit the dirt in front of the two thieves. Marshal Smith died within minutes from his wounds. Wall and Cummings took two animals from some packers just outside of town then a few minutes later stole a horse from a wagon to make their escape, according to Colorado State Patrol.

"A posse began the pursuit which ultimately led to their capture a week later by La Plata County Sheriff Watson and Deputy Bacon about 120 miles SE of Rico near the San Juan River on the Navajo reservation. The prisoners were transported to Durango by Sheriff Watson who then went to Rico to collect the $1,500 reward offered for Wall and Cummings. 

"Dolores County Undersheriff Misch then traveled to Durango and brought the prisoners back to Rico. On Thursday, June 14th, Wall and Cummings were interviewed by the local newspaper where Trinidad Charlie admitted that he did the shooting and that Wall never had a gun in the house when Marshal Smith was shot. Late that night, or early Friday morning, a group of Rico citizens got past the four guards at the jail and took the prisoners out and hung (lynched) them in the stable behind the jail," says Colorado State Patrol.

Marshal George A. Smith was buried in the Valley Rico Cemetery on June 4, 1882. Newspaper accounts say that about 1000 people attended the funeral and “the largest procession ever seen in Rico” followed him to his final resting place.